Endnotes for Chapter XIX

1 Questions affecting the settlement of the war and an eventual peace treaty with Germany were assigned to the Council of Foreign Ministers established by the conference.

2 Truman, Menzoirs, vol. I, p. 345.

3  Ibid., p. 345

4 Department of State, The Conference of Berlin (Potsdam), 1945 in "Foreign Relations," vol. 11, p. 756.

5 (1) Ibid., vol. 1, p. 492f; vol. 11, p. 821f. (2) The President to the Secretary of War, 29 Jul 45, in OPD 336, sec. V, Cases 104-

6. B. U. Ratchford and W. D. Ross, Berlin Reparations Assignment (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1947), p. 43.

7 OMGUS, History, ch. 111, pp. 14-17.

8 Ibid., p. 16.

9 Ibid., p. 19.

10 OMGUS, Control Office, Hist Br, sub: Civil Administration in Germany, 16 Dec 46, in OMGUS 21-2/5, folder VII-2 ABC.

11 War Diary, US Gp CC, PW and DP Div, 1 Aug 45, in OMGUS 314.81, CMH files.

12 Ratchford and Ross, Berlin Reparation Assignment, pp. 86-103.

13 (1) Cable, Eisenhower to JCS, 7 Aug 45, in USFET SGS 000.7. (2) State Department, The Conference of Berlin (Potsdam), in "Foreign Relations," vol. II, 1502-07.

14 Hqs, US Gp CC, Analytical Section, sub: Notes on Differences Between Agreed Report of Tripartite Conference of Berlin and JCS 1067/6/8, 14 Aug 45, in OMGUS 358-2/5.

15 (1) Summary Sheet, ACofS OPD to CofS, sub: German Interim Financing, 5 Aug 45, in OPD, 336, sec. V, Cases 104- . (2) Cable, AGWAR to USFET, 5 Oct 45, in USFET SGS 091.3.

16 Cable from U.S. Forces, Berlin, from JCS to USFET, 26 Jul 45, in USFET SGS 463.3, Vol. I.

17 Memo, Hqs, USFET, ACofS G-5, for CofS, 19 Jul 45, in USFET SGS 451.1.

18 Msg from General Eisenhower to the German People in the U.S. Zone, 6 Aug 45, in Admin Hist Collection, ETOUSA, No. 155.

19 OMGUS, Control Office, Hist Sec, Quadripartite Access to and Control of Berlin, vol. II, in OMGUS 23-2/5, folder V205-3A.

20 Hist Rpt, OMG, Berlin District, pp. 88-90.

21 Hqs, Seventh Army, ACofS G-2, G-2 Bulletin No. 90, 28 Nov 45, in Seventh Army, Opns Rpt, Annex No. 3.

22 OMG, Berlin District, Military Government Report, 4 Jul 45-3 Jan 46, in CMH files.

23 Memo, OMGUS, Dep Military Governor, for CG, USFET, sub: Supply of Food to Civilians in Berlin, 3 Oct 45, in USFET SGS 014.1.

24 USFET, Redeployment Co-ordination Group, Gp Ch, Observations in Berlin, 8-12 Sep 45, in USFET SGS 014.1.

25 Hqs, Seventh Army, ACofS G-2, G-2 Bulletin No. 90, 28 Nov 45, in Seventh Army, Opns Rpt, Annex No. 3.

26 OMGUS, Econ Div, Occupation Report, Industry, Sep 47, in OMGUS 358-2/5.

27 JCS 1517, Summary of the Jul 45 Report of the Military Governor, 19 Sep 45, and JCS 1517/1, Summary of the Aug 45 Report of the Military Governor, 18 Oct 45, in CCS 383.21 (2-22-44) , sec. 9.

30 OMGUS, Control Office, Hist Br, US MG in Germany, Rail Transport, Jul 47, in OMGUS 23-1/5, folder XIV-6.

31 Cumulative Hist Rpt, Military Government, Land Bavaria, 30 Jun 46, in OMGUS 436-2/3.

32 Hqs, Seventh Army, ACofS G-2, G-2 Bulletin No. 91, 6 Dec 45, in Seventh Army, Opns Rpt, Annex No. 3.

33 ( 1 ) Hist Rpt, Eastern Military District, 15 Nov-15 Dec 45, in OMGUS 76-3/ 10. (2) History of Military Government in Land WuerttembergBaden, vo. 1, in OMGUS 410-1 /3. (3) Weser Bote, 17 Nov 45.

34 (1) Final Rpt, Seventh Army, ACofS G-5, 25 Mar 46, in USFET, Hist Div, 11068/ 100. (2) Memo, OMGUS, Dep Military Governor, for CG, USFET, sub: Supply of Food to Civilians in Berlin, 3 Oct 45, in USFET SGS 014.1.

35 Ibid., (2).

36 (1) JCS 1517/4, Summary of Nov 45 Report of the Military Governor, 14 Jan 46, in CCS 383.21 (2-22-44 ), sec. 10. (2) Cable, OMGUS to AGWAR for WARCOS, 1 Nov 45, in OMGUS 12-1 /5, v60-20/ 1.

37 (1) Memo, Hqs, Seventh Army, ACofS G-2, sub : The Black Market in Seventh Army Area, Mar 46, and Memo, Hqs, Seventh Army, ACofS G-5, sub: G-5 Report on Black Market, 11 Mar 46, in Seventh Army, CofS files. (2) EUCOM, Office of the Chief Historian, Public Safety, 1947, in CMH file 8-3.1, CA 18, pp. 109-13. (3) Weser Bote, 5 Oct 45.

38 Hqs, Seventh Army, ACofS G-2, Weekly Intelligence Summary No. 15, 24 Oct 45, in Seventh Army, Opns Rpt, Annex No. 2.

39 Weekly Summary, Det E3B2, 20 Oct 45, in OMGUS 7-3/5.

40 The tension was greatest in areas where Negro troops were stationed, since they, already feeling discriminated against by both the Army and the Germans, frequently interpreted efforts to curb prostitution as another form of discrimination. In Kuenzelsau, Wuerttemberg, Negro soldiers of the 350th Field Artillery Battalion beat up the local jailer when he refused to release prostitutes being held for venereal disease treatment. Later the whole police in Kuenzelsau tried to resign after being threatened that they would be killed if they interfered with the prostitutes. Memo, Hqs, USFET, Internal Affairs Br, for CG, Western Mil Dist, sub: Opns Rpt on Det H-52, in OMGUS 10-2/5.

41 War Diary, US Gp CC, PW and DP Div, 29 Sep 45, in OMGUS 314.81, CMH files.

42 EUCOM, Office of the Chief Historian, Public Safety, p. 119.

43 Eisenhower believed that the wearing of these uniforms by the DPs and other groups, including some German prisoners of war, was also a major cause of declining troop morale in the late summer of 1945, and he proposed outfitting the U.S. soldiers with the 1938 blue dress uniform for off-duty wear. General Marshall replied that he understood the problem but believed the procurement of the required amounts of cloth and leather would provoke civilian protests at home, where both commodities were in short supply. USFET efforts to provide the DPs with clothing dyed some other color brought protests of discrimination from them. Ltr, Eisenhower to Marshall, 24 Sep 45, and Ltr, Marshall to Eisenhower, 5 Oct 45, in USFET SGS 421.4.

44 (1) EUCOM, Office of the Chief Historian, Public Safety, p. 87. (2) Opns Rpt, Hqs, Seventh Army, 8 May-30 Sep 45, in Seventh Army, 107-3.0.

45 Hist Rpt, Western Military District, 15 Nov-15 Dec 45, in OMGUS 76-3/10.

46 Ibid., 15 Sep- 14 Oct 45.

47 EUCOM, Office of the Chief Historian, Public Safety, p. 119. (2) Det E2C2, Functional History of Military Government in the Bremen Enclave, Oct-Nov 45, pt. 11-, in OMGUS 39-3/5. (3) Functional History of Military Government, Bremen Enclave, 27 Apr 45-30 Jun 46, p. 95. (4) Hqs, EUCOM, Hist Div, Military Government in Munich, p. 15. (5) Memo [no source], sub:Offenses by DPs, 17 Nov 45, in USFET SGS 383.7.

48 (1) EUCOM, Office of the Chief Historian, Public Safety, p. 102. (2) EUCOM, Hist Div, Military Government in Munich, p. 18. (3) Hist Rpt, Det G-42, Oct 45, in OMGUS 10-2/5.

49 (1) JCS 1517/2, Summary of Sep 45 Report of the Military Governor, 13 Nov 45, in CCS 383.21 (2-22-44) , sec. 10. (2) After Action Rpt, Eastern Military Government Staff, Sep 45, in OMGUS 72-3/10. (3) Annual Rpt, Det B-262, Jun 46, in OMGUS 10-1 /5.

52 Memo, SHAEF, ACofS G-2, for Head, C1, sub:: CI Report to be submitted to Gen Clay, 3 Jul 45, in SHAEF G-2, GBI/CI/CS/091.1, folio 3.

53 Ltr, Clay to McCloy, 15 Jul 45, in OMGUS 410-2/3.

54 Cable, Hqs, USFET, ACofS G-5, to CG's, Western and Eastern Military Districts, in USFET SGS 014.1/4.

55 (1) OMG, Land Bavaria, Cumulative Hist Rpt, 30 Jun 46, in OMGUS 436-2/3. (2) Hist Rpt, Det 205, Sep-Dec 45, in OMGUS 1-2/5.

56 Wk Rpt, Det E 205, 28 Sep 45, in OMGUS 1-2/5.

57 Beate Ruhm von Oppen, Documents on Germany Under Occupation (New York: Oxford University Press, 1955) , p. 38.

58 (1) History of Military Government in Land  Wuerttemberg-Baden, pt. 1, p. 247. (2) Hist Rpt, Det E4C2, Sep 45, in OMGUS 7-3/5.

59 The various "democratic" parties did not merge nationally until 1948, when they became the Free Democratic party.

60 (1) Hist Rpt, Land Hesse, Jun 46, in OMGUS 42-1 /5. (2) History of Military Government in Land Wiierttemberg-Baden, pt. I, pp. 247-53. (3) OMGB, Political Intelligence Br, Yearly Report of Political Activities in Bavaria, 1 Jul 46, in OMGUS 65-1 / 10. (4) Gerhart Binder, Deutschland Seit 1945 (Stuttgart: Seewald Verlag, 1969) , pp. 100-21.

61 (1) Rpt on CSU [no source, no date], in OMGUS 65-1/10. (2) OMGB, Political Intelligence Br, Yearly Report of Political Activities in Bavaria, 1 Jul 46, in OMGUS 65-1/10.

62  Memo, Hqs, USFET, ACofS G-5, for CofS, sub: Program for Introduction of Classified Civil Service, 6 Sep 45, in USFET SGS 200.3.

64 (1) History of Military Government in Land Wuerttemberg-Baden, pt. I, 254. (2) Annual Hist Rpt, Det E 213, 3 Jul 46, in OMGUS 78-1/10.

65 Ltr, Clay to McCloy, 16 Sep 45, in OMGUS 410-2/3.

66 (1) OMG, Land Bavaria, Cumulative Hist Rpt, 30 June 46, in OMGUS 436-2/3. (2) Hist Rpt, Land Hesse, Jun 46, in OMGUS 42-1/5. (3) Annual Hist Rpt, Det E 213, 3 Jul 46, in OMGUS 78-1 / 10.

67 Foreign Relations, 1945, vol. III, p. 981. The four cities were Stuttgart, Frankfurt, Kassel, and Munich.

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