Endnotes for Chapter XII
1 AG Hist Sec, Panama Canal Dept, MS, History of the Panama Canal Department, 1, 39-40, 67-69.
2 Annual Report of the Secretary of War-, 1939, Table C; Hist of PCD, 11, 207; Hq PCD (Caribbean Defense Command), MS, Organization and Reorganization, p. 99 ; Hist Div, CDC, MS, The Caribbean Theater in the Defense of the Americas (hereafter cited as Hist Div, CDC, Hist of Caribbean Theater) OCMH, 1, 66-70 ; USAF Hist Study 42, Air Defense of the Panama Canal, 1 Jan 1939-7 Dec 1941, OCMH, pp. 11-12.
3 Hq PCD, MS, Defense Plans, pp. 8, 35 ; Hist of PCD, 11, 5.
4 Hist of PCD, 1'', 60-61; Annual Report of the Secretary of War, 1938, pp. 5-6 ; USAF Hist Study 42, Air Def of the Panama Canal, pp. 11-12.
5 Memo, Lt Col Walton H. Walker for CG PCD, 5 Jan 39; Memo, Gen Stone for Col Walker, 16 Jan 39; Memo, Col Walker for WPD, 10 Feb 39. All in WPD 4124. Rad 161, WPD to CG PCD, 11 Jan 39, AG 320.2 PCD (12-30-38), sec. 1.
6 Hist of PCD, 1, 59; Craven and Cate, eds., Plans and Early Operations, pp. 68-71.
7 Ltr, CG PCD to TAG, 5 Jan 39, WPD 3782-3. The italicizing is the author's.
8 Ibid.
9 Ibid.
10 Memo, WPD for CofS, 13 Apr 39, AG 601 .1 (10-4-34) and copy, stamped Not Used, WPD 3782-11 ; Ltr, Under Secy State Sumner Welles to SW, 12 May 39 ; Ltr, TAG to CG PCD, 2 Jun 39. Last two in AG 601.1 (10-4-34). Copies of Under Secy State Welles' letter in WPD 3977 are dated 12 March 1939.
11 Ltr, CG PCD to TAG, 16 Jun 39, AG 660.2 (8-116-37), sec. q.
12 Memo, WPD for TAG, 28 Jul 39, WPD 3782-6; 1st Ind, TAG to Chiefs, Arms, el al. and CofAC, 8 Aug 39, on Ltr, CG PCD to TAG, 16 Jun 39, AG 660.2 PCD (8-16-37), sec. 4.
13 Hist of PCD, 1, 71-73; CDC PCD, MS, Acquisition of Land, OCMH, pp. 106-09.
14 Ltr, Gen Stone to Gen Malin Craig, CofS, 19 Oct 38, quoted in CDC PCD, Acquisition of Land, pp. 111-15.
15 Ltr, CG PCD to WPD, 1 Feb 39, WPD 2674-22; Memo, Exec WPD for ACofS WPD, 10 Feb 39, WPD 4124.
16 A good summary of the treaty is in Norman Judson Padelford, The Panama Canal in Peace and Wear (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1942), pp. 64-81. Pertinent documents include Ltr, Brig Gen Lawrence Halstead to TAG, 10 Dec 35, AG 388.1 Panama (1-1-26), sec. 3; Ltr, Gen Stone to Gen Craig, 19 Oct 38, and Memo, WPD for CofS, 10 Jun 39, WPD 1652-31.
17 Ltr, Secy State to SW, 11 May 39, WPD 1652-29. Padelford, Panama Canal in Peace and War, p. 77, gives the text of the note from the Panamanian Government.
18 Rad, TAG to CG PCD, 23 Feb 39, AG 660.2 PCD (9-26-37), sec. 3.
19 Rad, CG PCD to TAG, 28 Feb 39, AG 660.2 PCD (8-26-37) sec. 3 ; Memo, WPD for COPS, 17 Jun 39; Ltr, Secy State to SW, 24 Jun 39. Last two in WPD 2674-25.
20 Memo, WPD for TAG, 22 Aug 39, WPD 4191-3 ; Memo, CofAC for WPD, 22 Aug 39 > Memo, WPD for CofS, 23 Aug 39. Last two in WPD 4191-5. For the diplomacy of the period see William L. Langer and S. Everett Gleason, The Challenge to Isolation, 1937-1940 (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1952), pp. 185-206.
21 Ltr, Governor Julian Larcombe Schley, Panama Canal, to SW, 14 Jul 36 ; Ltr, Governor Clarence Self Ridley, Panama Canal, to SW, 16 Aug 37; Memo, WPD for CorS, 13 Jul 38. All in AG 660.2 Panama Canal (7-14-36) .
22 WPD Draft Memo, SW for President, 26 Aug 39, sub: Def of the Panama Canal Against Sabotage; Memo, SW for TAG, 28 Aug 39; Telg, SW to Governor Ridley, Canal Zone, 28 Aug 39; Memo, WPD for CofS, 30 Aug 39; Telg, SW to Governor Ridley, Panama Canal, 30 Aug 39. All in WPD 3730-13.
23 Rad, CG PCD to TAG, 1 Sep 39, AG 320.2 (8-19-39), sec. 3.
24 Hq PCD, MS, Panama Mobile Force and Security Command, OCMH Pt. 111, pp. 12-13 and passim, and pt. 1, p. 10.
25 Memo, G-3 for TAG, 26 Aug 39, sub: Movement of Reinforcements to Panama; Ltr CG PCD to TAG, 26 Aug 39; Memo, G-3 for G-1, G-2, G-4, and WPD, 5 Sep 39; WPD Office Memo for Gen Strong, 7 Sep 39, sub: Rpt. . . on Air Corps Pursuit Flight . . . All in WPD 4191-3.
26 Memo, WPD for COfS, 26 Aug 39, AG 320.2 (8-19-39), sec. 4. A copy of President Roosevelt's Executive order (8232, 5 September 1939) and the official notification to the Commanding General, Panama Canal Department, are in the same file. See also, Padelford, Panama Canal in Peace and War, p. 139.
27 Memo, CofAC for WPD, 16 Oct 39, WPD 4191-3.
28 Ltr, CG PCD to TAG, 24 Oct 39, sub: AA Def of the Panama Canal; Memo, CofCA for TAG, 13 Oct 39, sub: AA Def of the Panama Canal. Both in AG 660.2 PCD (8-26-37), sec. 1. Memo, WPD for COB, 25 Oct 39, sub: AWS Project for PCD, WPD 4186; Memo, WPD for G-2, 22 Nov 39; Memo, CofS for Brig Gen Edwin M. Watson, 24 Nov 39. Last two in WPD 3730-15.
29 Memo, Governor Panama Canal, CofS, 9 Nov 39; Memo, WPD for CofS, 18 Nov 39; Ltr, CofS to Governor Panama Canal, 11 Dec 39. All in AG 320.2 (8-19-39) , sec. 4.
30 Hq PCD (CDC), Organization and Reorganization, p. 98; Hq PCD, Mobile Force and Security Comd, pt. 1, pp. 5-6.
31 Memo, WPD for TAG, 2 Jan 40, WPD 4247-1.
32 Hist of PCD, II, 141-44; Hq PCD, Panama Mobile Force and Security Commd, pt. I, pp. 9-16; Memo, Gen Van Voorhis for TAG, 12 Feb 40, WPD 4270; Memo, [By Gen Van Voorhis] for Conf with CofS, Monday, 5 Feb 40, OCS 18251-26; Memo, G-3 for WPD, 28 Mar 40, WPD 3858-14; Memo, WPD for CofS, 17 Apr 40, sub: Panama Canal Def Project; Memo, WPD for TAG, 25 Apr 40, sub: Panama Canal Def Project. Last two in WPD 4270.
33 Hist of PCD, 11, 56.
34 Memo, WPD for TAG, 25 APr 40, WPD 42-70.
35 Hist of PCD, II, 35, 51, 53-55.
36 Pers Ltr, Gen Van Voorhis to Gen Marshall, 12 Nov 40, WPD 2674-30.
37 USAF Hist Study 42, Def of the Panama Canal, PP. 75-81.
38 PCD, MS, The Boyd-Roosevelt Highway and the Inter-American Highway, OCMH, pp. 1-8.
39 Ibid. pp. 9-11 ; ist Ind, Cof Engrs to G-4, 19 Jul 40, on Ltr, G-4 to CofEngrs, n.d. ; Ltr, Secy State to SW, 24 Aug 40. Last two in AG 388.1 Panama (1-1-26 ), sec. 2-A (1) . Memo, G-4 for CofS, 22 Jut 40, and related corresp, WPD 446-61.
40 Ltr,
SW to Secy State, 23 Dec 40; Memo, G-4 for CofS, 28 Jan 41; Ltr, CG PCD to TAG, 5 Apr 41; Ltr, Administrator Federal Works Administration to SW, 3 Sep 41. All in AG 388.1 Panama (1-1-26), sec. 2-A (1). Ltr, SW to Administrator FWA, 5 Aug 41, OCS 16054-65.41 PCD, Boyd-Roosevelt Highway and Inter-American Highway, pp. 16-18, 21-22.
42 Ltr, President to Representative Adolph Joachim Sabath, 19 Jun 39; Ltr, SW to President, 19 Jun 39 ; Telg, Stephen T. Early to President, 28 Feb 40 ; Telg, President to Representative Sam Rayburn, 28 Feb 40. All in Roosevelt Papers, FDRL. New York Times, May 31, 1940, p. 13; Annual Report of the Governor of the Panama Canal, 1940, pp. 78-79.
43 Ltr, Governor Glen E. Edgerton to SW, 23 Dec 41, AG 821.1 Panama Canal (1-20-39).
44 Min, War Council Mtg, 5 Jan 42, SW Conf, binder 2.
45 Memo, CNO for CofS, 14 Jan 42, AG 821.1 Panama Canal (1-20-39) ; see also, Memo, WPD for CofS, 1 Jan 42 ; Memo, CofS for CNO. Last two in OCS 2-1260-3.
46 Ltr, SW to Governor Panama Canal, 22 Jan 42, OCS 21260-3.
47 Memo, CG CDC for CofS, 18 May 42, WDCSA 42-43 CDC.
48 Memo, CofS and COMINCH for President, 21 May 42 ; Ltr, SW to President, 21 May 42, with undated indorsemerit by the President. Both in AG 821.1 Panama Canal (5-21-42) . Annual Report elf the Governor of she Panama Canal, 1942, P. 57, 1943, P- 49, 1944, P- 48; see also, Memo, CG CDC for CofS, 18 May 42.
49 From the inception of the program in 1940 to September 1943, when it was discontinued, a total of 19,675 contract workers were brought to the Isthmus. Over 10,000 of them came from El Salvador. By 30 June 1944 all but 3,210 of the total number had been repatriated. Annual Report of the Governor of the Panama Canal, 1944, p. 74.
50 Annual Reports of the Governor of the Panama Canal, 1941, 1942, 1943 ; Caribbean AG Hist Br, MS, Civilian Personnel, ch. VIII.
51 Ltr, CG Second Corps Area to TAG, 28 Jul 38, AG 320.2 (7-28-38).
52 Memo, Col Clark for Gen Strong, ACofS WPD, 4 Feb 39, Memo, WPD for CofS, 7 Feb 39. Both in WPD 4141.
53 Memo, WPD for CofS, 20 Jun 39, WPD 4079-12.
54 Memo, JB for SW, 15 Jun 39, WPD 4159.
55 WDGO 2, 5 May 39.
56 Ltr, Gen Daley to Gen Strong, WPD, 17 Aug 39, WPD 4159-1.
57 Memo, Gen Marshall, Acting CofS, for WPD, 27 Jun 39; Ltr, Gen Strong, WPD, to Gen Daley, 1 Jul 39. Both in WPD 4159-1. Memo, WPD for CG PRD, 3 Aug 39, with Ind; Memo, G-1 for WPD, 8 Aug 39; Memo, WPD for G-1, 11 Aug 39. Last three in WPD 4141-7 and WPD 4141-8.
58 Rad 5, TAG to CG PRD, 22 Aug 39; Memo, CofS for SW, 3 Sep 39; Memo, G-3 for G-1, G-2, G-4, and WPD, 5 Sep 39. All in WPD 4191-4. See also, CDC, MS, A Preliminary Study of Garrisons of the Puerto Rican Department, pt. 1, p. 12.
59 Rad, CG PRD to TAG, 7 Sep 39; Memo, WPD for G-4, 22 Aug 39. Both in AG 480.82 Puerto Rico (3-3-39.) Memo, WPD for TAG, 22 Aug 39, WPD 4191-4.
60 CDC, Preliminary Study of Garrisons of the PRD, pt. 1, p. 14; Ltr, Hq PRD to TAG, 21 Dec 39, AG 580.82 Puerto Rico (3-3-39).
61 Memo, WPD for TAG, 24 Oct 39, WPD 3793-79 ; Statement of WPD, Reference to Deficiency Estimates FY 1940 for Defense Project, Puerto Rico, n.d. ,WPD 4159-5.
62 Par 2-c, AR 170-10 (102 ), 10 Oct 39.
63 Monthly strength returns of the Panama garrison are given in History of the Panama Canal Department, 11, 56; figures for Puerto Rico are taken from Caribbean Defense Command, Preliminary Study of Garrisons of the Puerto Rican Department pt. 1, p. 20.
64 Memo, CofAC for WPD, 5 Mar 40, AG 580 (12-14-39) .
65 See above, p. 158.
66 Memo, WPD for TAG, 17 Jun 40, WPD 4326.
67 The Panama alert itself is dealt with as thoroughly as the records permit in Watson, Prewar Plant and Preparations, pages 108, 460-61.
page created 30 May 2002