Endnotes for Chapter VIII

Endnotes for Chapter VIII

1 Gavin, War and Peace in the Space Age, pp. 257-62.

2 (1) Maxwell D. Taylor, The Uncertain Trumpet (New York: Harper Brothers, 1960) , pp. 88-164. Quotation is from page 121. (2) United States Senate, "Organizing for National Security," Inquiry of the Subcommittee on National Policy Machinery, United States Senate (Washington, 1961) , vol.1 Hearings, pp. 768-99. Quotation is from page 774. Hereafter cited as Jackson Subcommittee Hearings.

3 (1) Jackson Subcommittee Hearings, vol. II, "Studies and Background Materials," pp. 94-95. (2) Ibid., vol. 1, p. 1. (3) See also Hammond, Organizing for Defense, pp. 288-320, 371-92, and Ernest R. May, "Eisenhower and After," in Ernest R. May, ed., The Ultimate Decision, The President as Commander-in-Chief (New York: Harper Brothers, 1960) , pp. 179-237.

4 Jackson Subcommittee Hearings, pp. 14-17.

5 (1) Eugene M. Zuckert, "The Service Secretary: Has He a Useful Role?" Foreign Affairs, XLIV, No. 3, April 1966, 462-63. (2) Copy of "Report to senator Kennedy From Committee on Defense Establishment," n.d., attached to L. W. Hoelscher, "Comments on Report of Committee on the Defense Establishment (Symington Committee)," prepared for General G. H. Decker, Chief of Staff, U.S. Army, 1 Feb 61. Hoelscher Office files, Project 80 files.

6 Hammond, Organizing for Defense, p. 374.

7 (1) Hoelscher, Changes in Defense Environment, pp. 31-58. (2) "Profile: Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara," Armed Forces Management, WIT, No. 2 (November 1961) , 22-24. Quotation is from page 23. (3) Borklund, Men in the Pentagon, pp. 211-19. (4) Jackson Subcommittee Hearings, pp. 1190-91.

8 (1) "Where Reorganization Ideas Are Born," Armed Forces Management, VIII, No. 2 (November 1961) , 66-67. (2) Armed Forces Management, XI, No. 2 (November 1964) , 120. (3) Kaufmann, The McNamara Strategy, pp. 190-91. (4) Jackson Subcommittee Hearings, pp. 1186-87.

9 (1) Mosher, Program Budgeting, pp. 90-122. (2) Chester E. Glassen and J. R. Loome, "Program Packages," Army, XI, No. 12 (July 1961) , 37-44.

10 (1) Hitch, Decision-Making for Defense, pp. 18, 23-26. (2) Hitch and McKean, The Economics of National Defense, pp. 44-54, 236-39. (3) Jackson Subcommittee Hearings, pp. 1004-14. (4) "Annual Report of the Secretary of the Army, July 1, 1959 to June 30, 1960," in Department of Defense, Annual Report of the Secretary of Defense . . . (Washington, 1961) , pp. 157-66, 216-19. (5) Fred R. Brown, ed., Management: Concepts and Practices, Industrial College of the Armed Forces series, "The Economics of National Security" (Washington, 1963) , p. 92. (6) DCSLOG, Summary of Major Events and Problems, Fiscal Year 1958, 1 Oct 59, pp. 4-5, 107, 219, 229, 252.

11 (1) Department of Defense, Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1962, pp. 32-34. (2) Hitch, Decision-Making for Defense, pp. 29-30. (3) Novick, Program Budgeting: Program Analysis and the Federal Government, pp. 3-106, contains a valuable summary of program budgeting.

12 (1) Hitch, Decision-Making for Defense, pp. 21-26. (2) Charles J. Hitch, "Planning-Programming-Budgeting System," in W. W. Posvar and Others, American Defense Policy (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1965) , pp. 405-07. (3) Charles J. Hitch, "The Changing Role of the Comptroller in the Defense Department, U.S. Army Audit Agency, Bulletin, December 1963, pp. 8-9. (4) Glassen and Loome, "Program Packages," pp. 38-39, 43, 44. (5) R. L. Snodgrass, The Concept of Project Management, AMC Historical Studies, No. 1, Jun 64, Historical Office, USAMC, p. 37. (6) "Program Packaging Report," Armed Forces Management, IX. No. 6 (March 1963) , 43. (7) Interview, Hewes with Michael Dugan, Office, Executive for Programs, OCofT, 16 Jul 62. (8) Interview, Hewes with A. B. Little, Budget Plans Division, OCA, 16 Feb 67.

13 (1) Little Interview. (2) OCS, Department of the Army Program and Budget Guidance, FY 1967-68, as revised 15 Dec 66, pp. 4-6. (4) On the shortage of operations and maintenance funds, see USAMC, Annual Historical Summary, Fiscal Year 1965, pp. 93-96, 530-43.

14 Hitch, "The Changing Role of the Comptroller in the Defense Department," p. 8.

15 (1) Charles J. Hitch, "Programmer to Bridge Defense Planning Gap," Armed Forces Management, VII, No. 7 (April 1961) , 46. (2) Hitch, "The Changing Role of the Comptroller in the Defense Department," pp. 6-8. (3) Hitch, Decision Making for Defense, pp. 43-58. (4) Hitch and McKean, The Economics of National Defense, pp. 105-33, 158-81. (5) Dr. Enthoven and a RAND Corporation colleague, subsequently Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (ISA) , Dr. Henry Rowen, defined the standard command model of efficient allocation in a RAND Corporation monograph, Defense Planning and Organization, P-1640, 17 Mar 59, revised 28 Jul 59, pp. 52, 76. (6) OCS, Department of the Army Program and Budget Guidance. FY 1967-68, pp. 4-6. (7) Department of the Army General Orders 6, 15 Feb 66, and 14, 29 Mar 67. (8) Chief of Staff Memo 67-121, 24 Mar 67, sub: Reorganization of Office, Chief of Staff. See Chapter XI below.

16 (1) On AFSWP/DASA, see U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Government Organization Manual, 1958-59 (Washington, 1960) , p. 194. (2) Ltr, Secy of War and Secy of Navy to CofS, USA, and CNO, 29 Jan 47, sub: AFSWP; War Department Memo 850-25-8, 18 Mar 47, same subject. (3) U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Government Organization Manual, 1959-60 (Washington, 1960) , p. 200. (4) Annual Report of the Secretary of Defense, Fiscal Year 1959 (Washington, 1960) , pp. 335-37. (5) On other agencies, see U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Government Organization Manual, 1962-63 (Washington, 1963) , pp. 195-99. (6) Annual Report of the Secretary of Defense, Fiscal Year 1962 (Washington, 1963) , pp. 26-30.

17 Fairburn, Integrated Supply Management, pp. 30-35.

18 Memo, Mr. McNamara for the Deputy Secretary of Defense and others, 23 Mar 61, sub: Integrated Management of Common Supply and Service Activities. Located in Single Manager Activities (Project 100) , Group D, Project 80 files.

19 Department of Defense, "Integrated Management of Common Supply Activities,"
Report of the Study Committee, 11 Jul 61, V, p. 5, VI, p. 4, and VII, p. 7.

20 Ibid.,III, pp. 4-5.

21 Fairburn, Integrated Supply Management, pp. 32-47.

22 (1) "Annual Report of the Defense Supply Agency," annexed to Annual Report of the Secretary of Defense for Fiscal Year 1962 (Washington, 1963) , pp. 67-70; Ibid., Annual Report of the Secretary of Defense for Fiscal Year 1963, pp. 78-79. (2) The Defense Supply Agency, Presentation to the Special Subcommittee on Defense Agencies of the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, 5 Jun 62, pp. 29-40. OCMH DSA files. (3) Robert W. Coakley, A Review of the Logistics Organization Created by Projects 80 and 100 and Subsequent Changes, in Three Studies on the Historical Development of Army Logistical Organization, prepared for the Board of Inquiry on Army Logistics System, Jul 66, pp. 17-19. In OCMH.