Cover, Department of the Army Historical Summary, Fiscal Year 1989


Department of the Army
Historical Summary


Fiscal Year 1989


by

Vincent H. Demma


Edited by

Susan Carroll

 

 

CENTER OF MILITARY HISTORY
UNITED STATES ARMY
WASHINGTON, D.C., 1998


 


The Library of Congress has cataloged
this serial publication as follows:

 


Library of Congress Catalog Card 75-09647561


ISSN 0092-7880


CMH Pub 101-21

 


ii


Contents

Chapter
..
Page
1.

INTRODUCTION: THE ARMY OF THE 1980s

3
2.

THE ARMY AND NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY

11
..

Introduction

11

The Army as a Strategic Force in NATO

13

The Strategic Environment and the Soviet Threat

18

Regional Threats

23

International Terrorism and Espionage

25

Conclusion

26
3.

ORGANIZATION AND BUDGET

29
..

Headquarters, Department of the Army

29

Major Army Commanders and the Unified Commands

32

FY 1989 Budget

38

FY 1990 Budget Outlook

41

Conclusion

42
4.

DOCTRINE AND CONCEPTS

45
..

AirLand Battle Doctrine

45

AirLand Battle-Future

49

The Army and Joint Doctrine

51

Combined Operations in NATO

55

Low-Intensity Conflict

55

Secuirty Assistance

57

The Army in Space

58

Conclusion

61
5.

FORCE STRUCTURE

63
..

Introduction

63

Force Structure and Readiness

64

Mobilization Planning

66

Heavy Units

68

Light Divisions

69

Conversion of the 9th Infantry Division (Motorized)

72

Artillery and Rocket Forces

73
iii
 
Chapter
...
Page
...

Special Operations Forces

76

Army Aviation

79

Combat Support and Combat Service Support

82

The Engineers

84

Conclusion

85
6.

OPERATIONS

87
...

Introduction

87

Central America

87

Middle East

91

Asia

92

Security and Counterterrorism

93

Assistance to Civil Authorities

94

Civil Works

99

Drug Interdictions and Enforcement

102

Army Safety Issues

104

Conclusion

106
7.

MANPOWER

109
...

Strength and Demographics

109

Recruitment and Retention

110

Enlisted Personnel

115

Unit Manning

121

Officers

122

Warrant Officers

128

Women in the Army

129

Retirees and Transition Programs

131

Miscellaneous Personnel Issues

132

Civilian Manpower

133

Conclusion

139
8.

RESERVE COMPONENTS

137
...

Introduction

137

Command and Control

139

Manpower and Force Structure

141

Recruitment and Retention

145

Budget Issues

148

Readiness

149

Training

152

Antidrug Operations

157

Conclusion

159
iv
...
Chapter
...
Page
9.

QUALITY OF LIFE ISSUES

161

...

Introduction

161

Pay and Housing

161

Army Communities of Excellence Program

164

Environmental Concerns

165

Medical Benefits and Health Problems

166

Family Support Programs

171

Marital Status and Gender Issues

175

Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) Program

176

Commissaries

178

Discipline Indicators

179

Conclusion

181
10.

LOGISTICS

183
...

International and Cooperative Logistics

186

Supply, Maintenance, Transportaion, and Fuel

188

Construction, Installation Management, Base Realignments, and Closings

191

Subsistence and Clothing

196

Chemical Weapons Destruction

198

Conclusion

199
11.

MODERNIZATION: RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND ACQUISITION

201
...

Introduction

201

The Acquisition Process

203

Research, Development, and Technological Change

205

Unmanned Ground and Aerial Vehicles

207

Directed Energy and Thermal Technologies

210

Armor/Antiarmor

213

Air Defense

220

Army Aviation

224

Field Artillery and Missile Systems

227

Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C3I)

233

Medical Support

241

Tactical and Nontactical Wheeled Vehicles

242

Engineer Equipment

243

Individual Weapons

244

Conclusion

245
12.

TRAINING

247
 

Introduction

247
v
...
Chapter
 
Page
...

Individual Training

249

Unit Training

254

Army Exercise Program

257

Range Modernization

262

Training Devices, Simulators, and Simulation

263

Conclusion

264
13.

CONCLUSION

267
 

GLOSSARY

271
...

APPENDIX

 

Organization of the Department of the Army

 
   
 
Tables
 
No.
 
Page
1.
The FY 1989 Army Budget
40
2.
Active Army Force Structure, FY 1989
64
3.
Active Duty Army Personnel by Grade, 30 September 1989
110
4.
Army Enlisted Accessions, FY 1988 and FY 1989, by Gender
113
5.
Enlisted Accesstions, FY 1989, by Race
113
6.
Elapsed Time for Officer Promotion, 1984-1989
124
7.
Selected Reserve Medical Personnel Strenghts by Specialty
147
8.
Disciplinary Indicators
180
9.
Base Realignments and Closures
194
     
 
Charts
 
1.
Unified Command Organization
36
     
 
vi
 

 


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