CHAPTER SEVEN
NOTES
1. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 232-37.
2. Ibid., pp. 236-37; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 255-57.
3. DAB, X, p. 57; Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 211-12; Appleton's Cyclolbaedia, V, pp. 184-85; Abert to Turnbull, 7 Dec 1846, IS 519, TE 77.
4. Gilbert Govan and James W. Livingood, A Different Valor: The Story of General Joseph E. Johnston. C.S.A. (New York: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1946), pp. 15-17; DAB, V, pp. 144-46; Appleton's Cyclopaedia, III, pp. 458-60; National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, V, pp. 328-29; Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 428-29.
5. Appleton's Cyclopaedia, V, p. 413; National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, VII, pp. 527-28; Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 668-69.
6. George R. Stewart, John Phoenix, Esq., The Veritable Squibob, A Life of Captain George H. Derby, USA (New York: Da Capo Press, 1937), pp. 33-45; DAB, III, pp. 251-52; Cullum, Biographical Register, II, pp. 261-62.
7. Cullum, Biographical Register, II, p. 260; Stewart, John Phoenix, Esq., p. 45.
8. Quote from Stewart, John Phoenix, Esq., pp. 46-47; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 239-40; National Cyclapaedia of American Biography, XXI, p. 443; Meade, Letters, I, pp. 184-87
9. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 240-41; Madoff, American Military History, p. 174; Eisenhower, So Far From God, p. 257.
10. Meade, Letters, I, p. 187. See also Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 202-03; Bauer, The Mexican War, p. 241; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 258-59.
11. Kenneth J. Deacon, "Combat Engineers 34: Siege of Vera Cruz, 1847," Military Engineer, 57 (July 1965): 258; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 246-47; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 260-62.
12. Freeman, Robert E. Lee, I, pp. 226-27; Robert M. Hughes, Great Commanders, General Johnston (New York: D. Appleton Co., 1897), pp. 24-25; Irving Crump, Our Army Engineers (New York: Dodd Mead and Co., 1954) , pp. 94-111.
13. Meade, Letters, I, pp. 192-93.
14. G. A. Youngblood, "History of Engineer Troops in the United States Army; 1775-1901," Occasional Papers of the Engineer School, No. 37 (Washington, D.C.: Press of the Engineer School, 1910), pp. 34-37. See also William H. Robinson, "The Engineer Soldiers in the Mexican War," Military Engineer, 24 (Jan 1932) : 1-8; Gustaves W. Smith, "Company A Engineers in Mexico, 1846-1847," Military Engineer, 51 (Sep 1964): 336-40; History and Traditions of the Corps of Engineers, Engineer School Special Text, ST 25-1 (Fort Belvoir: Engineer School, 1953), pp. 18-24.
15. Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1, p. 244; Turnbull to Abert, 28 Mar 1847, LR 216, TE 77.
16. Robert Anderson, An Artillery Officer in the Mexican War, 1846-7 (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1911), p. 124.
17. Deacon, "Siege of Vera Cruz," p. 258. Appropriately, the Corps of Engineers insignia is a castle depicting its role in fortifications. America traditionally looked to France for military expertise particularly in military engineering. The precepts of building and capturing fortifications as practiced by Vauban was carried forth in France by other engineers such as Simon Bernard, who during the Napoleonic era became one of Europe's recognized experts on fortifications. In 1816 the United States employed the knowledgeable Bernard, and he served as a key member of the Board of Engineers for Fortifications. See Moore, The Fortifications Board 1816-1828.
18. Quote from Dabney H. Maury in Bradley T. Johnson (ed.), A Memoir of the Life and Public Service of Joseph E., Johnston (Baltimore: R.H. Woodward and Co., 1891), p. 291; Freeman, Robert E. Lee, 1, pp. 226-27; Hughes, General Johnston, pp. 24-25.
19. Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1, pp. 240, 248, 256.
20. Meade, Letters, I, p. 194.
22. 1bid., pp. 199-218; DAB, VI, pp. 474-76; Appleton's Cyclopaedia, IV, pp. 279-81; National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, IV, pp. 66-68; Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 601-08. Biographies of Meade also include Freeman Cleaves, Meade at Gettysburg (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1960); Isaac R. Pennypacker, Great Commanders, General Meade (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1901); Richard Meade Bache, Life of General George Gordon Meade (Philadelphia: Henry T. Coates and Co., 1898).
23. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 260-61.
24. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 263-64; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 272-74.
25. Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 211-15; Bauer, The Mexican War, p. 264; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 274-77.
26. Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, p. 216; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 264-68; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 277-80. For accounts of Lee's reconnaissance see Freeman, Robert E. Lee, I, pp. 237-48; Kenneth J. Deacon, "Combat Engineers 25, Cerro Gordo, 1847," Military Engineer, 56 (July 1965): 258.
27. Quoted in Johnson (ed.), Johnston Memoir, p. 292; Govan and Livingood, Johnston, p. 19; Hughes, General Johnston, p. 25; Niles [Ohio] National Register, 72 (15 May 1847): 161.
28. Hughes, General Johnston, p. 25; Lloyd Lewis, Captain Sam Grant (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1950), p. 206; Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 428-29; Heitman, Historical Register, I, p. 143.
29. Quoted from Hitchcock, Fifty Years in Camp and Field, p. 250; Stewart, John Phoenix, Esq., pp. 48--49.
30. Quoted from Stewart, John Phoenix, Esq., pp. 50-51.
32. Ibid., pp. 3-4, 52-54; Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1, p. 263.
33. Dabney H. Maury, Recollections of a Virginian in the Mexican, Indian, and Civil Wars (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1894), p. 39.
34. Turnbull to Abert, 24 Apr 1847, LR 308, TE 77; Abert to Turnbull, 18 Oct 1847, LS 245, TE 77.
35. StewartJohn Phoenix, Esq., pp. 56-58.
36. Ibid., pp. 59-92; DAB, III, pp. 251-52; Cullum, Biographical Register, 11, pp. 261-62; Goetzmann, Army Exploration, pp. 250-51, 253-61. Derby's published works were Phoenixiana, or Sketches and Burlesques (New York, 1856) and Squibob Papers (New York, 1865). He went under the pseudonym of John Phoenix. See also George H. Derby, Derby's Report on Opening the Colorado, 1850-1851, Odie B. Faulk (ed.) (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1969).
37. Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 741-43; Appleton's Cyclopaedia, VI, p. 76; Turnbull to Abert, 26 Oct 1847, LR 689, TE 77.
38. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 268-71; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 295-96. Scott tried to instill firmer discipline on his volunteers than did Taylor. Also see Johannsen, To the Halls of the Montezumas, p. 35.
39. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 270-72; Eisenhower, So Far From God, p. 298.
40. Freeman, Robert E. Lee, 1, p. 250.
41. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 273-74; Eisenhower, So Far From God, p. 310.
42. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 274, 287-88; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 308-10.
43. Turnbull to Abert, 22 May 1847, LR 354, TE 77; Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 236-37.
44. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 288-90; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 312-13; Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 237-40; Williams (ed.), With Beauregard in Mexico, pp. 41-46. A copy of Duncan's report is inclosed in Ripley War With Mexico, 2:648.
45. Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1, p. 349; Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 240-41; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 290-91; Eisenhower, So FarFrom God, p. 316.
46.Williams (ed.), With Beauregard in Mexico, pp. 47-48; Freeman, Robert E. Lee, 1, pp. 249-58; Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 241-44; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 291-92; Eisenhower, So FarFrom God, pp. 318-19.
47. Quote from Ulysses S. Grant, Personal Memoirs of U.S. Grant (New York: Century Co., 1917), pp. 110-11; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 293-94; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 319-24; Williams (ed.), With Beauregard in Mexico, pp. 48-59; Freeman, Robert E. Lee, 1, pp. 259-72; Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 245-50; Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1, pp. 306-08.
48. Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1, pp. 310, 315, 321, 323; Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 251-58; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 297-300; Eisenhower, SoFarFrom God, pp. 324-26.
49. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 300-301, 306; Eisenhower, So Far From God, pp. 327-31.
50. Quote from Williams (ed.), With Beauregard in Mexico, p. 60; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 300, 307-08; Eisenhower, So FarFrom God, pp. 331-32.
51. Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1, pp. 367, 426; Dufour, Mexican War; A Compact History, pp. 260-65; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 308-11; Eisenhower, So FarFrom God, pp. 334-36; Turnbull to Abert, 26 Sep 1847, LR 623, TE 77.
52. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 310-13; Matloff, American Military History, p. 177.
53. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 316-18; Eisenhower, So FarFrom God, pp. 338-41.
54. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 318-22.
55. Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 311-12; Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, p. 265; Eisenhower, SoFarFrom God, pp. 337-38.
56. Dufour, Mexican War, A Compact History, pp. 265-69; Bauer, The Mexican War, pp. 316-17.
57. Williams (ed.), With Beauregard in Mexico, pp. 80-81.
58. Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1, pp. 248, 256, 263, 306, 310-15, 321, 323, 367, 385, 400, 403.
59. Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 126, 211-12, 260, 367, 428-29,
60. John R. Kenly, Memoirs of a Maryland Volunteer in the Years 1846-7-8 (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Co., 1873), pp. 278-79.
61. Ibid., pp. 291, 300; Niles [Ohio] National Register, 72 (14 Aug 1847) : 372.
62. I,enly Memoirs of a Maryland Volunteer, p. 308.
63. Ibid., pp. 328-65; Bauer, The Mexican War, p. 334.
64. Kenly, Memoirs of a Maryland Volunteer, p. 377; Smith, War With Mexico, 11, pp. 224, 230; Smith and Judah (eds.), Chronicles of the Gringos, p. 393. Hughes continued to provide information to the Topographical Bureau and transmitted a copy of his proclamation of general amnesty to the bureau; Hughes to Abert, 30 Nov 1847, LR 17, TE 77.
65. Hughes to Twiggs, 15 Mar 1848, LR 200, TE 77; Bauer, The Mexican War, p. 385. Hughes provided the Topographical Bureau with several pieces of his correspondence regarding the departure of Santa Anna from Mexico.
66. Kenly, Memoirs of a Maryland Volunteer, pp. 391-97; Bauer, The Mexican War, p. 385.
67. Kenly, Memoirs of a Maryland Volunteer, p. 431.
68. Report of the Secretary of War, 1848, House Exec. Doc. 1, 30th Cong., 2d sess., 1 Dec 1848, p. 324; Kenly, Memoirs of a Maryland Volunteer, p. 468.
69. Turnbull to Abert, 24 Apr 1847, LR 308; 22 May 1847, LR 354; 26 Sep 1847, LR 623, TE 77.
70. Turnbull to Abert, 26 Oct 1847, LR 689; 7 Dec 1847; 2 Mar 1848, TE '77; Hagner to Abert, 16 Sep 1848, LR 460, TE 77; M.L. Smith to Abert, 7 Apr 1848, TE 77.
71. These maps, many of which are large foldout types, may be found in Report of the Secretary of War, 1847, Sen. Exec. Doc. 1 and House Exec. Doc. 8.
72. Edmund L.F. Hardcastle and Martin L. Smith, "In Further Compliance with the Resolution of the Senate of August 3, 1848, Calling for a Map of the Valley of Mexico, by Lieutenants Smith and Hardcastle," Sen. Exec. Doc. 19, 30th Cong., 2d sess., 29 Jan 1849; Hardcastle to Abert, 2 Feb 1849, LR 67, TE 77. A copy of the report is reproduced in Appendix B.
73. Goetzmann, Army Exploration, p. 152.
74. Kenly Memoirs of a Maryland Volunteer, pp. 484-85; DAB, V, pp. 348--49; Appkton's Cyclopaedia, III, p. 303; National Cyclopdedia ofAmerican Biography, IV, pp. 511-12.
75. Goetzmann, Army Exploration, pp. 182-87, 192-99; DAB, IIl, pp. 1593-54; Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 481-83.
76 Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 428-29; DAB, X, pp. 144--46.
77. DAB, X, p. 57; Appleton's Cyclapaedia, VI, pp. 184-85; Cullum, Biographical Register, I, pp. 211-12.
78. Cullum, Biographical Register, I, p. 367.
79. Cullum, Biographical Register, II, p. 260; Heitman, Historical Register, I, p. 499.
80. DAB, IX, p. 319; Appleton's Gyclopaedia, V, p. 579; National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, V, p. 96; Cullum, Biographical Register, II, p. 126.
81. Matloff, American Military History, p. 178; T. Harry Williams (ed.), With Beauregard in Mexico: The Mexican War Reminiscences of P. G. T. Beauregard (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1956), p. 10.
82. Matthew F. Steele, American Campaigns, I (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Infantry Association, 1935), p. 122.
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